Vertical Water Velocity Distribution Using Fine Different Sediment Concentrations in Circular Open Channel

Mohamed Gamal Mohamed Abdalla

doi:doi:10.11648/j.wros.20160506.13

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Vertical Water Velocity Distribution Using Fine Different Sediment Concentrations in Circular Open Channel

Mohamed Gamal Mohamed Abdalla

Published in Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science (Volume 5, Issue 6)

Received: 22 October 2016 Accepted: 1 November 2016 Published: 16 December 2016

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Abstract

The effect of fine different sediment concentrations on velocity distribution in open circular pipe was experimentally studied. An "ADV"(Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter) instrument was used for measuring the velocity distribution at the centerline of channel. Three different sediment concentrations of 1000 gm, 1500 gm and 2000 gm were added to the input upstream tank of the used channel with dimensions of 67.5 cm × 154 cm × 25 cm (0.26 m³). To find out separately the final concentrations of suspended load and bed load, a trap was designed at the end of the channel. Three water depths were used 11 cm, 13 cm and 15 cm to give depth-diameter ratios of 0.55, 0.65 and 0.75. A maximum discharge of 1.50 lit. /sec was used. From this experimental research the time of each run that used to separate between bed and suspended loads was three hours. After that, (after three hours from starting run), the "ADV" instrument was used to measure the distribution of water velocity. The run was repeated for all total load sediment concentrations and for the three depth-diameter ratios mentioned before to separate the bed load and suspended load. From the analysis, it was concluded that with the increasing of suspended load, the water velocity decreases obviously. The increasing of water depth causes the increase of bed load and the decrease in suspended load concentrations. Different polynomial equations were deduced, at the centerline only, to study the effect of run time and water depth-diameter ratio on bed load quantity by weight.

Published in	Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science (Volume 5, Issue 6)
DOI	10.11648/j.wros.20160506.13
Page(s)	93-103
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2016. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Bed Load, Suspended Load, Circular Channel, ADV Instrument, Velocity Distribution

References

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[3]	Coleman N. "Velocity profiles with suspended sediment", Journal of Hydraulics Research, Vol. 19 (3), pp. 211–229, 1981.
[4]	Einstein H. and Chien N. "Effects of heavy sediment concentration near the bed on the velocity and sediment distribution", Report. No. 8, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 1955.
[5]	Grant, J., Walker, T. R., Hill P. S., Lintern, D. G. "BEAST-A portable device for quantification of erosion in intact sediment cores", Methods in Oceanography. DOI: 10.1016/j.mio.2013.03.001, 2013.
[6]	Itakura T. and Kishi T. "Open channel flow with suspended sediments", Journal of Hydraulics Division, ASCE, Vol. 106 (8), pp. 1325–1343, 1980.
[7]	Lavelle J. and Thacker W. "Effects of hindered settling on sediment concentration profiles", Journal of Hydraulics Research, IAHR, Vol. 16 (4), pp. 347–355, 1978.
[8]	Mazumder B. and Ghoshal K. "Velocity and concentration profiles in uniform sediment-laden flow", Applied Mathematical Modeling, Vol. 30 (2), pp. 164–176, 2006.
[9]	Milad K., Kyle S. and Qin Q. "A Literature Review on the Sediment Transport Process in Shallow-Grade Culverts and Storm Sewers", Proceedings of the ASEE Gulf-Southwest Annual Conference Organized by The University of Texas at San Antonio, 2015.
[10]	Newton C. "An experimental investigation of bed degradation in an open channel", Transcript, Boston Society of Civil Engineers, pp. 28-60, 1951.
[11]	Nezu I. and Rodi W. "Open-channel flow measurements with a Laser Doppler Anemometer", Journal of Hydraulics Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 112, pp. 335–355, 1986.
[12]	Nezu I. and Nakagawa H. "Turbulence in open-channel flows", IAHR Monograph A. A. Balkema Publishers, Rotterdam, 1993.
[13]	Pellachini I. "Modeling fine sediment transport over an immobile gravel bed", Trento: Unitn - eprints. 2011.
[14]	Schlichting H. and Gersten K. "Boundary layer theory", (8th ed.) Springer, 2000.
[15]	Suryanarayana B. and Shen W. "Laboratory study of degradation and aggradation", Journal of Waterways, Harbors and Coastal Engineering Division, Vol. 97, pp.615-630, 1971.
[16]	Woo H., Julien P. and Richardson E. "Suspension of large concentration of sands", Journal of Hydraulics Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 114, pp. 888–898, 1988.
[17]	Vanoni V. "Transportation of suspended sediment by water", Trans. ASCE, Vol. 111, pp. 67–133, 1946.

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Mohamed Gamal Mohamed Abdalla. (2016). Vertical Water Velocity Distribution Using Fine Different Sediment Concentrations in Circular Open Channel. Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science, 5(6), 93-103. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20160506.13

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ACS Style

Mohamed Gamal Mohamed Abdalla. Vertical Water Velocity Distribution Using Fine Different Sediment Concentrations in Circular Open Channel. J. Water Resour. Ocean Sci. 2016, 5(6), 93-103. doi: 10.11648/j.wros.20160506.13

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AMA Style

Mohamed Gamal Mohamed Abdalla. Vertical Water Velocity Distribution Using Fine Different Sediment Concentrations in Circular Open Channel. J Water Resour Ocean Sci. 2016;5(6):93-103. doi: 10.11648/j.wros.20160506.13

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@article{10.11648/j.wros.20160506.13,
  author = {Mohamed Gamal Mohamed Abdalla},
  title = {Vertical Water Velocity Distribution Using Fine Different Sediment Concentrations in Circular Open Channel},
  journal = {Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science},
  volume = {5},
  number = {6},
  pages = {93-103},
  doi = {10.11648/j.wros.20160506.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20160506.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.wros.20160506.13},
  abstract = {The effect of fine different sediment concentrations on velocity distribution in open circular pipe was experimentally studied. An "ADV"(Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter) instrument was used for measuring the velocity distribution at the centerline of channel. Three different sediment concentrations of 1000 gm, 1500 gm and 2000 gm were added to the input upstream tank of the used channel with dimensions of 67.5 cm × 154 cm × 25 cm (0.26 m3). To find out separately the final concentrations of suspended load and bed load, a trap was designed at the end of the channel. Three water depths were used 11 cm, 13 cm and 15 cm to give depth-diameter ratios of 0.55, 0.65 and 0.75. A maximum discharge of 1.50 lit. /sec was used. From this experimental research the time of each run that used to separate between bed and suspended loads was three hours. After that, (after three hours from starting run), the "ADV" instrument was used to measure the distribution of water velocity. The run was repeated for all total load sediment concentrations and for the three depth-diameter ratios mentioned before to separate the bed load and suspended load. From the analysis, it was concluded that with the increasing of suspended load, the water velocity decreases obviously. The increasing of water depth causes the increase of bed load and the decrease in suspended load concentrations. Different polynomial equations were deduced, at the centerline only, to study the effect of run time and water depth-diameter ratio on bed load quantity by weight.},
 year = {2016}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Vertical Water Velocity Distribution Using Fine Different Sediment Concentrations in Circular Open Channel
AU - Mohamed Gamal Mohamed Abdalla
Y1 - 2016/12/16
PY - 2016
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20160506.13
DO - 10.11648/j.wros.20160506.13
T2 - Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science
JF - Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science
JO - Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science
SP - 93
EP - 103
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2328-7993
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20160506.13
AB - The effect of fine different sediment concentrations on velocity distribution in open circular pipe was experimentally studied. An "ADV"(Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter) instrument was used for measuring the velocity distribution at the centerline of channel. Three different sediment concentrations of 1000 gm, 1500 gm and 2000 gm were added to the input upstream tank of the used channel with dimensions of 67.5 cm × 154 cm × 25 cm (0.26 m3). To find out separately the final concentrations of suspended load and bed load, a trap was designed at the end of the channel. Three water depths were used 11 cm, 13 cm and 15 cm to give depth-diameter ratios of 0.55, 0.65 and 0.75. A maximum discharge of 1.50 lit. /sec was used. From this experimental research the time of each run that used to separate between bed and suspended loads was three hours. After that, (after three hours from starting run), the "ADV" instrument was used to measure the distribution of water velocity. The run was repeated for all total load sediment concentrations and for the three depth-diameter ratios mentioned before to separate the bed load and suspended load. From the analysis, it was concluded that with the increasing of suspended load, the water velocity decreases obviously. The increasing of water depth causes the increase of bed load and the decrease in suspended load concentrations. Different polynomial equations were deduced, at the centerline only, to study the effect of run time and water depth-diameter ratio on bed load quantity by weight.
VL - 5
IS - 6
ER -

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Mohamed Gamal Mohamed Abdalla

Irrigation and Hydraulics Dept., Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt

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APA Style

Mohamed Gamal Mohamed Abdalla. (2016). Vertical Water Velocity Distribution Using Fine Different Sediment Concentrations in Circular Open Channel. Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science, 5(6), 93-103. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20160506.13

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ACS Style

Mohamed Gamal Mohamed Abdalla. Vertical Water Velocity Distribution Using Fine Different Sediment Concentrations in Circular Open Channel. J. Water Resour. Ocean Sci. 2016, 5(6), 93-103. doi: 10.11648/j.wros.20160506.13

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AMA Style

Mohamed Gamal Mohamed Abdalla. Vertical Water Velocity Distribution Using Fine Different Sediment Concentrations in Circular Open Channel. J Water Resour Ocean Sci. 2016;5(6):93-103. doi: 10.11648/j.wros.20160506.13

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@article{10.11648/j.wros.20160506.13,
  author = {Mohamed Gamal Mohamed Abdalla},
  title = {Vertical Water Velocity Distribution Using Fine Different Sediment Concentrations in Circular Open Channel},
  journal = {Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science},
  volume = {5},
  number = {6},
  pages = {93-103},
  doi = {10.11648/j.wros.20160506.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20160506.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.wros.20160506.13},
  abstract = {The effect of fine different sediment concentrations on velocity distribution in open circular pipe was experimentally studied. An "ADV"(Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter) instrument was used for measuring the velocity distribution at the centerline of channel. Three different sediment concentrations of 1000 gm, 1500 gm and 2000 gm were added to the input upstream tank of the used channel with dimensions of 67.5 cm × 154 cm × 25 cm (0.26 m3). To find out separately the final concentrations of suspended load and bed load, a trap was designed at the end of the channel. Three water depths were used 11 cm, 13 cm and 15 cm to give depth-diameter ratios of 0.55, 0.65 and 0.75. A maximum discharge of 1.50 lit. /sec was used. From this experimental research the time of each run that used to separate between bed and suspended loads was three hours. After that, (after three hours from starting run), the "ADV" instrument was used to measure the distribution of water velocity. The run was repeated for all total load sediment concentrations and for the three depth-diameter ratios mentioned before to separate the bed load and suspended load. From the analysis, it was concluded that with the increasing of suspended load, the water velocity decreases obviously. The increasing of water depth causes the increase of bed load and the decrease in suspended load concentrations. Different polynomial equations were deduced, at the centerline only, to study the effect of run time and water depth-diameter ratio on bed load quantity by weight.},
 year = {2016}
}

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