Research Article
Review of Organic Fertilizer and Its Role in Organic Farming
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 2, April 2025
Pages:
31-37
Received:
8 November 2024
Accepted:
23 January 2025
Published:
14 April 2025
Abstract: The use of organic fertilizers is a major component of organic farming practices. The decline in soil quality is becoming a significant process of soil degradation. Optimizing organic fertilizer incorporation practices in cropland is essential to enhancing crop productivity and soil health. Organic fertilizers are substances with a specific chemical composition and high nutritional content that supply essential nutrients for plant growth. Organic materials are used as food sources because of organic fertilizer, which involves the biochemical breakdown of dead organic tissue into its inorganic constituent forms, primarily through the action of microbes. The important crop nutrients (N, P, K, S, Ca, Mg, B, Cl, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, and Zn) are provided in balanced forms by organic fertilizers, including micronutrients during decomposition by micro-organisms. Organic fertilizers also play a crucial role in improving soil health, crop yield, and help in climate change and conservation through various mechanisms. It also plays a key role in enhancing production, mainly because of their high content of organic matter, which enhances the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of the soil, besides promoting proper growth development for an economically viable production yield for farmers.
Abstract: The use of organic fertilizers is a major component of organic farming practices. The decline in soil quality is becoming a significant process of soil degradation. Optimizing organic fertilizer incorporation practices in cropland is essential to enhancing crop productivity and soil health. Organic fertilizers are substances with a specific chemica...
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Review Article
The Impact of Temperature on Cotton Seed Germination
Tesfaye Worku*
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 2, April 2025
Pages:
38-41
Received:
9 May 2025
Accepted:
3 June 2025
Published:
23 June 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijees.20251002.12
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Views:
Abstract: Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is primarily cultivated across the globe for its natural fiber, which is a vital raw material in the textile industry. One of the most critical early stages in the cotton growth cycle is seed germination, which significantly influences crop establishment, seedling vigor, and final yield. Among the various environmental factors affecting this process, temperature plays a fundamental role. It regulates essential physiological and biochemical mechanisms such as water absorption, hormonal activity, and enzyme function. This paper reviews and synthesizes findings from multiple international studies examining the effects of temperature on cotton seed germination. It highlights the optimum temperature ranges, the plant’s physiological responses to thermal stress, and the implications of fluctuating temperatures under climate change scenarios. Research indicates that cotton seeds generally germinate best within a temperature range of 25°C to 35°C. Germination is notably hindered at temperatures below 15°C and above 40°C. At lower temperatures, enzymatic activities responsible for energy production and starch breakdown are suppressed, slowing down the germination rate. Conversely, exposure to higher temperatures can lead to oxidative damage, protein denaturation, and cellular injury, ultimately compromising seed viability. Understanding these temperature thresholds is essential for improving sowing strategies, especially in regions experiencing increasing climate variability.
Abstract: Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is primarily cultivated across the globe for its natural fiber, which is a vital raw material in the textile industry. One of the most critical early stages in the cotton growth cycle is seed germination, which significantly influences crop establishment, seedling vigor, and final yield. Among the various environmenta...
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