On Hybrid Wave Functions, Tidal Forces and Black Holes

Leon Francis Phillips

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajaa.20170501.12

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On Hybrid Wave Functions, Tidal Forces and Black Holes

Leon Francis Phillips

Published in American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics (Volume 5, Issue 1)

Received: 22 January 2017 Accepted: 3 February 2017 Published: 2 March 2017

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Abstract

Interesting questions that arise in connection with the physics of black holes include the existence or non-existence of mathematical singularities in the physical universe, the rate at which an incoming particle can be observed to cross a black hole’s event horizon, the quantum mechanics of small particles inside a gravitational potential well, the rate of absorption of an incoming particle into the core of a black hole, the mechanism by which very high-energy particles can be emitted from a black hole’s potential well, and the nature of the interface between quantum mechanics and general relativity. The purpose of this Note is to suggest plausible answers to some of these questions. The discussion focuses on basic physics rather than mathematics, and quantum mechanics and general relativity are regarded as equally fundamental.

Published in	American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics (Volume 5, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajaa.20170501.12
Page(s)	6-9
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

No Singularities, Tidal Forces, Hybrid Wave Functions, Black Hole Core, High-Energy Particle Emission

References

[1]	See, for example Misner, C. W., Thorne, K. S. and Wheeler, J. A., (1973), Gravitation, Freeman, San Francisco, p. 846.
[2]	Neves, J. C. S. and Saa, A., (2014) Regular rotating black holes and the weak energy condition, Phys. Lett. B., 734, 44-48.
[3]	Bon, E., Jovanović, P., Marziani, P., Shapovalova, A. I., Bon, N., Borka, V., Jovanović, D., Borka, D., Sulentic, J., and Popović, L. Č. (2012) The first spectroscopically resolved sub-parsec orbit of a super-massive binary black hole, Astrophys. J, 118, 759.
[4]	Hawking, S. W. (1974) Black hole explosions? Nature (London) 248, 30.
[5]	Phillips, L. F. (2015) Energy levels of neutrinos in a gravitational potential well, App. Phys. Research, 7 (1), 19.
[6]	Wang, S. Y., and Boyanovsky, D. (2001) Enhanced photon production from quark-gluon plasma: Finite-lifetime effect, Phys. Rev. D., 63, 051702 (R).
[7]	Leloudas, G., Fraser, M., Stone, N. C., et al, The superluminous transient ASASSN-15lh as a tidal disruption event from a Kerr black hole, arXiv: 1609.02927v2 [astro-ph. HE] 11 Dec 2016.
[8]	Nemmen, R. S., Georganopoulos, M., Guiriec, S., Meyer, E. T., Gehrels, N., Sambruna, R. M. (2012) A universal scaling for the energetics of relativistic jets from black hole systems, Science, 338, 1445.
[9]	See for example, Eyring, H., Walter, J., and Kimball, E. M. (1944) Quantum Chemistry, Wiley, New York p. 86.
[10]	Aartsen, M. G. et al (the Ice Cube collaboration) (2013) First observation of PeV-energy neutrinos with Ice Cube, Phys. Rev. Lett., 111 (2), 021103.
[11]	Phillips, L. F. (2015) Black holes as a source of high-energy neutrinos, App. Phys. Research, 7 (4), 1.
[12]	Guth, A. H. (1993) Inflation, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 90 (11), 4871-7.
[13]	Magueijo, J. (2003) Faster than the speed of light, Arrow Books, London.
[14]	Hughes, S. A. (2005) 33rd SLAC Summer Institute on Particle Physics.

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Leon Francis Phillips. (2017). On Hybrid Wave Functions, Tidal Forces and Black Holes. American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics, 5(1), 6-9. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaa.20170501.12

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ACS Style

Leon Francis Phillips. On Hybrid Wave Functions, Tidal Forces and Black Holes. Am. J. Astron. Astrophys. 2017, 5(1), 6-9. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaa.20170501.12

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AMA Style

Leon Francis Phillips. On Hybrid Wave Functions, Tidal Forces and Black Holes. Am J Astron Astrophys. 2017;5(1):6-9. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaa.20170501.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajaa.20170501.12,
  author = {Leon Francis Phillips},
  title = {On Hybrid Wave Functions, Tidal Forces and Black Holes},
  journal = {American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics},
  volume = {5},
  number = {1},
  pages = {6-9},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajaa.20170501.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaa.20170501.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaa.20170501.12},
  abstract = {Interesting questions that arise in connection with the physics of black holes include the existence or non-existence of mathematical singularities in the physical universe, the rate at which an incoming particle can be observed to cross a black hole’s event horizon, the quantum mechanics of small particles inside a gravitational potential well, the rate of absorption of an incoming particle into the core of a black hole, the mechanism by which very high-energy particles can be emitted from a black hole’s potential well, and the nature of the interface between quantum mechanics and general relativity. The purpose of this Note is to suggest plausible answers to some of these questions. The discussion focuses on basic physics rather than mathematics, and quantum mechanics and general relativity are regarded as equally fundamental.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - On Hybrid Wave Functions, Tidal Forces and Black Holes
AU  - Leon Francis Phillips
Y1  - 2017/03/02
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaa.20170501.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajaa.20170501.12
T2  - American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics
JF  - American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics
JO  - American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics
SP  - 6
EP  - 9
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2376-4686
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaa.20170501.12
AB  - Interesting questions that arise in connection with the physics of black holes include the existence or non-existence of mathematical singularities in the physical universe, the rate at which an incoming particle can be observed to cross a black hole’s event horizon, the quantum mechanics of small particles inside a gravitational potential well, the rate of absorption of an incoming particle into the core of a black hole, the mechanism by which very high-energy particles can be emitted from a black hole’s potential well, and the nature of the interface between quantum mechanics and general relativity. The purpose of this Note is to suggest plausible answers to some of these questions. The discussion focuses on basic physics rather than mathematics, and quantum mechanics and general relativity are regarded as equally fundamental.
VL  - 5
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Leon Francis Phillips

Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand

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APA Style

Leon Francis Phillips. (2017). On Hybrid Wave Functions, Tidal Forces and Black Holes. American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics, 5(1), 6-9. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaa.20170501.12

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ACS Style

Leon Francis Phillips. On Hybrid Wave Functions, Tidal Forces and Black Holes. Am. J. Astron. Astrophys. 2017, 5(1), 6-9. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaa.20170501.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Leon Francis Phillips. On Hybrid Wave Functions, Tidal Forces and Black Holes. Am J Astron Astrophys. 2017;5(1):6-9. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaa.20170501.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajaa.20170501.12,
  author = {Leon Francis Phillips},
  title = {On Hybrid Wave Functions, Tidal Forces and Black Holes},
  journal = {American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics},
  volume = {5},
  number = {1},
  pages = {6-9},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajaa.20170501.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaa.20170501.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaa.20170501.12},
  abstract = {Interesting questions that arise in connection with the physics of black holes include the existence or non-existence of mathematical singularities in the physical universe, the rate at which an incoming particle can be observed to cross a black hole’s event horizon, the quantum mechanics of small particles inside a gravitational potential well, the rate of absorption of an incoming particle into the core of a black hole, the mechanism by which very high-energy particles can be emitted from a black hole’s potential well, and the nature of the interface between quantum mechanics and general relativity. The purpose of this Note is to suggest plausible answers to some of these questions. The discussion focuses on basic physics rather than mathematics, and quantum mechanics and general relativity are regarded as equally fundamental.},
 year = {2017}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - On Hybrid Wave Functions, Tidal Forces and Black Holes
AU  - Leon Francis Phillips
Y1  - 2017/03/02
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaa.20170501.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajaa.20170501.12
T2  - American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics
JF  - American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics
JO  - American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics
SP  - 6
EP  - 9
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2376-4686
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaa.20170501.12
AB  - Interesting questions that arise in connection with the physics of black holes include the existence or non-existence of mathematical singularities in the physical universe, the rate at which an incoming particle can be observed to cross a black hole’s event horizon, the quantum mechanics of small particles inside a gravitational potential well, the rate of absorption of an incoming particle into the core of a black hole, the mechanism by which very high-energy particles can be emitted from a black hole’s potential well, and the nature of the interface between quantum mechanics and general relativity. The purpose of this Note is to suggest plausible answers to some of these questions. The discussion focuses on basic physics rather than mathematics, and quantum mechanics and general relativity are regarded as equally fundamental.
VL  - 5
IS  - 1
ER  -

Copy | Download