From the Heterotic String Quartet to the Cosmic Dark Matter, Dark Energy and Ordinary Energy Symphony

Mohamed S. El Naschie

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajaa.20170502.12

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From the Heterotic String Quartet to the Cosmic Dark Matter, Dark Energy and Ordinary Energy Symphony

Mohamed S. El Naschie

Published in American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics (Volume 5, Issue 2)

Received: 6 March 2017 Accepted: 24 March 2017 Published: 10 April 2017

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Abstract

The main novel part of the paper is to identify the 16 extra bosonic dimensions of the Heterotic string theory with the negative signature of K3 Kähler manifold and these in turn are the source of pure dark energy.Guided by the basic ideas and structure of heterotic string theory we establish an energy density triality, which add together to the theoretically expected energy density based on Einstein’s relativity. Thus Einstein’s famous formula E = mc ² is found in integer approximation to be the sum of three sectors, namely where is the ordinary energy density, is the dark matter energy density and is the pure dark energy density where m is the mass, c is the velocity of light and 16 is the number of heterotic strings extra bosons. We demonstrate further that strictly speaking dark matter is weakly coupled with pure dark energy and that while dark matter and ordinary energy are attracting in the conventional way, pure dark energy has an opposite sign similar to the extra 16 dimensions of heterotic strings making it act effectively in the opposite direction in conformity with the negative sign and magnitude of the corresponding K3 Kähler manifold.

Published in	American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics (Volume 5, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajaa.20170502.12
Page(s)	21-24
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Heterotic Strings, David Gross 16 Extra Dimensions, Pure Dark Energy, Dark Matter, Kaluza-Klein Theories, Fractal Spacetime, E-infinity Theory

References

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[3]	M. S. El Naschie: Infinite dimensional Branes and the E-infinity toplogy of heterotic superstrings. Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, 2001, 12, pp. 1047-1055.
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[19]	M. S. El Naschie: A review of E-infinity theory and the mass spectrum of high energy particle physics. Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, 19 (1), 2004, pp. 209-236.
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[21]	Mohamed S. El Naschie: On a new elementary particle from the disintegration of the symplectic 't Hooft-Veltman-Wilson fractal spacetime. World Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, Vol, 4 (4), 2014, pp. 216-221.
[22]	Mohamed S. El Naschie: On a fractal version of Witten’s M-theory. Journal of Astronomy & Astrophysics, 6 (2), 2016, pp. 135-144.
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[26]	Mohamed S. El Naschie: Looped light on dark energy. Journal of Quantum Information Science, 7 (1), 2017, pp. 1-5.
[27]	Mohamed S. El Naschie: Quantum disentanglement as the physics behind dark energy. Open Journal if Mircophysics, 7 (1), 2017, pp. 1-27.
[28]	M. S. El Naschie: Computing dark energy and ordinary energy of the cosmos as a double Eigenvalue problem. Journal of Modern Physics, 6 (4), 2015, pp. 348-395.

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APA Style

Mohamed S. El Naschie. (2017). From the Heterotic String Quartet to the Cosmic Dark Matter, Dark Energy and Ordinary Energy Symphony. American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics, 5(2), 21-24. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaa.20170502.12

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ACS Style

Mohamed S. El Naschie. From the Heterotic String Quartet to the Cosmic Dark Matter, Dark Energy and Ordinary Energy Symphony. Am. J. Astron. Astrophys. 2017, 5(2), 21-24. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaa.20170502.12

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AMA Style

Mohamed S. El Naschie. From the Heterotic String Quartet to the Cosmic Dark Matter, Dark Energy and Ordinary Energy Symphony. Am J Astron Astrophys. 2017;5(2):21-24. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaa.20170502.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajaa.20170502.12,
  author = {Mohamed S. El Naschie},
  title = {From the Heterotic String Quartet to the Cosmic Dark Matter, Dark Energy and Ordinary Energy Symphony},
  journal = {American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics},
  volume = {5},
  number = {2},
  pages = {21-24},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajaa.20170502.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaa.20170502.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaa.20170502.12},
  abstract = {The main novel part of the paper is to identify the 16 extra bosonic dimensions of the Heterotic string theory with the negative signature of K3 Kähler manifold and these in turn are the source of pure dark energy.Guided by the basic ideas and structure of heterotic string theory we establish an energy density triality, which add together to the theoretically expected energy density based on Einstein’s relativity. Thus Einstein’s famous formula E = mc 2 is found in integer approximation to be the sum of three sectors, namely  where  is the ordinary energy density,  is the dark matter energy density and  is the pure dark energy density where m is the mass, c is the velocity of light and 16 is the number of heterotic strings extra bosons. We demonstrate further that strictly speaking dark matter is weakly coupled with pure dark energy and that while dark matter and ordinary energy are attracting in the conventional way, pure dark energy has an opposite sign similar to the extra 16 dimensions of heterotic strings making it act effectively in the opposite direction in conformity with the negative sign and magnitude of the corresponding K3 Kähler manifold.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - From the Heterotic String Quartet to the Cosmic Dark Matter, Dark Energy and Ordinary Energy Symphony
AU  - Mohamed S. El Naschie
Y1  - 2017/04/10
PY  - 2017
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DO  - 10.11648/j.ajaa.20170502.12
T2  - American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics
JF  - American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics
JO  - American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics
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EP  - 24
PB  - Science Publishing Group
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AB  - The main novel part of the paper is to identify the 16 extra bosonic dimensions of the Heterotic string theory with the negative signature of K3 Kähler manifold and these in turn are the source of pure dark energy.Guided by the basic ideas and structure of heterotic string theory we establish an energy density triality, which add together to the theoretically expected energy density based on Einstein’s relativity. Thus Einstein’s famous formula E = mc 2 is found in integer approximation to be the sum of three sectors, namely  where  is the ordinary energy density,  is the dark matter energy density and  is the pure dark energy density where m is the mass, c is the velocity of light and 16 is the number of heterotic strings extra bosons. We demonstrate further that strictly speaking dark matter is weakly coupled with pure dark energy and that while dark matter and ordinary energy are attracting in the conventional way, pure dark energy has an opposite sign similar to the extra 16 dimensions of heterotic strings making it act effectively in the opposite direction in conformity with the negative sign and magnitude of the corresponding K3 Kähler manifold.
VL  - 5
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Mohamed S. El Naschie

Dept. of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt

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APA Style

Mohamed S. El Naschie. (2017). From the Heterotic String Quartet to the Cosmic Dark Matter, Dark Energy and Ordinary Energy Symphony. American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics, 5(2), 21-24. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaa.20170502.12

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ACS Style

Mohamed S. El Naschie. From the Heterotic String Quartet to the Cosmic Dark Matter, Dark Energy and Ordinary Energy Symphony. Am. J. Astron. Astrophys. 2017, 5(2), 21-24. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaa.20170502.12

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AMA Style

Mohamed S. El Naschie. From the Heterotic String Quartet to the Cosmic Dark Matter, Dark Energy and Ordinary Energy Symphony. Am J Astron Astrophys. 2017;5(2):21-24. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaa.20170502.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajaa.20170502.12,
  author = {Mohamed S. El Naschie},
  title = {From the Heterotic String Quartet to the Cosmic Dark Matter, Dark Energy and Ordinary Energy Symphony},
  journal = {American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics},
  volume = {5},
  number = {2},
  pages = {21-24},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajaa.20170502.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaa.20170502.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaa.20170502.12},
  abstract = {The main novel part of the paper is to identify the 16 extra bosonic dimensions of the Heterotic string theory with the negative signature of K3 Kähler manifold and these in turn are the source of pure dark energy.Guided by the basic ideas and structure of heterotic string theory we establish an energy density triality, which add together to the theoretically expected energy density based on Einstein’s relativity. Thus Einstein’s famous formula E = mc 2 is found in integer approximation to be the sum of three sectors, namely  where  is the ordinary energy density,  is the dark matter energy density and  is the pure dark energy density where m is the mass, c is the velocity of light and 16 is the number of heterotic strings extra bosons. We demonstrate further that strictly speaking dark matter is weakly coupled with pure dark energy and that while dark matter and ordinary energy are attracting in the conventional way, pure dark energy has an opposite sign similar to the extra 16 dimensions of heterotic strings making it act effectively in the opposite direction in conformity with the negative sign and magnitude of the corresponding K3 Kähler manifold.},
 year = {2017}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - From the Heterotic String Quartet to the Cosmic Dark Matter, Dark Energy and Ordinary Energy Symphony
AU  - Mohamed S. El Naschie
Y1  - 2017/04/10
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaa.20170502.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajaa.20170502.12
T2  - American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics
JF  - American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics
JO  - American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics
SP  - 21
EP  - 24
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2376-4686
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaa.20170502.12
AB  - The main novel part of the paper is to identify the 16 extra bosonic dimensions of the Heterotic string theory with the negative signature of K3 Kähler manifold and these in turn are the source of pure dark energy.Guided by the basic ideas and structure of heterotic string theory we establish an energy density triality, which add together to the theoretically expected energy density based on Einstein’s relativity. Thus Einstein’s famous formula E = mc 2 is found in integer approximation to be the sum of three sectors, namely  where  is the ordinary energy density,  is the dark matter energy density and  is the pure dark energy density where m is the mass, c is the velocity of light and 16 is the number of heterotic strings extra bosons. We demonstrate further that strictly speaking dark matter is weakly coupled with pure dark energy and that while dark matter and ordinary energy are attracting in the conventional way, pure dark energy has an opposite sign similar to the extra 16 dimensions of heterotic strings making it act effectively in the opposite direction in conformity with the negative sign and magnitude of the corresponding K3 Kähler manifold.
VL  - 5
IS  - 2
ER  -

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