Background: Regular consumption of breakfast is associated with improved cognitive performance and nutrient intake in adolescents. Despite breakfast’s positive attributes, many children go to school without breakfast. The objective of this study was to assess the association between breakfast eating habits and cognitive performance among early adolescents aged 11-13 years old in the study area. Method: A cross sectional study was conducted from June to July 2012. Structured questionnaire was used to capture breakfast eating habits, socio-economic and demographic factors. Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children -II tests was used for cognitive performance measurement. A representative sample size of 211 participants was selected randomly from 4 kebeles. The data was analyzed with SPSS version 16.0 software. Results: Of the 208 interview, 52% were girls while 48% were boys with mean (±SD) age of 12.01±0.82 years. Breakfast skipping prevalence was 42.3%. Regular breakfast eating habits were significantly (P<0.001) associated with Simultaneous scale and Pattern Reasoning. Regular breakfast eating habit and mother education were significantly (P<0.001) associated with Sequential scale explaining 13.7% variation. Regular breakfast eating habits were also significantly associated with Pattern Reasoning explaining 31.6 % variation. Conclusion: Irregular consumption or skipping breakfast and socio-demographic factors have beneficial influence on cognitive performance of adolescents. The important predictors of cognitive performance were breakfast eating habits and maternal education. We recommended that, parents and adolescents should be educated and trained on healthy breakfast eating patterns and good nutrition practices for healthy cognitive development of adolescents.
| Published in | Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences (Volume 2, Issue 4) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.jfns.20140204.16 |
| Page(s) | 130-137 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2014. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Cognitive function, Breakfast, Adolescent, Shebedino District, Sidama Zone, Southern Ethiopia
| [1] | H. Taras, Nutrition and student performance. Journal of the School Health, No. 75. Vol. 6: 2005; pp. 199-213. |
| [2] | C. Matthys, S. De Henauw, M. Bellemans, M. De Maeyer and G. De Backer, Breakfast habits affect overall nutrient profiles in adolescents. Public Health Nutrition, No. 10. Vol. 4: 2007; PP. 413-421. |
| [3] | L. Lien, Is breakfast consumption related to mental distress and academic performance in adolescents? Public Health Nutrition; 10: 2007; pp. 422-428. |
| [4] | T. Nicklas, C. Reger, L. Myers, and C. O'Neil, Breakfast consumption with and without vitamin-mineral supplement use favorably impacts daily nutrient intake of ninth-grade students. Journal of Adolescent Health; 27: 2000; pp. 314-321. |
| [5] | A. Hoyland, L. Dye and C. L. Lawton, A systematic review of the effect of breakfast on the cognitive performance of children and adolescents. Nutrition Research Reviews; 22: 2009; pp. 220-243. |
| [6] | G. C. Rampersaud, Benefits of breakfast for children and adolescents: Update and recommendations for practitioners. American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine; 3: 2009; pp. 86- 103. |
| [7] | J.M. Murphy, M.E. Pagano, J. Machmani, P. Sperling, S. Kane and R.E. Kleinman, The relationship of school breakfast and psychosocial and academic functioning. Arch Pediatric Adolescent Med; 152: 1998; pp. 899– 907. |
| [8] | L. Dye, A. Lluch and J.E. Blundell, Macronutrients and mental performance. Nutrition No. 16. Vol. 10: 2000; pp. 1021– 34. |
| [9] | N. Vaisman, H. Voet, A. Akivis and E. Vakil, The effects of breakfast timing on the cognitive function of elementary school students. Arch Pediatric Adolescent Med. 150: 1996; pp. 1089–92. |
| [10] | D. Werner, Disabled village children: A guide for community health workers, rehabilitation workers, and families. Palo Alto, California, USA: Hesperian Foundation: 1987. |
| [11] | A. M. Marquez, R. Sutil de Naranjo, C.E. Rivas de Yepez, M. Rincon Silva, M. Torres, R.D. Yepez et al., Influence of breakfast on cognitive functions of children from an urban area in Valencia, Venezuela. Arch Latino am Nutr. No. 51. Vol. 1: 2001; pp. 57– 63. |
| [12] | C.R. Busch, H.A. Taylor, R.B. Kanarek and P.J. Holcomb, The effects of a confectionery snack on attention in young boys. Physiology Behave No. 77: 2002; pp. 333– 40. |
| [13] | F. Bellisle, Effects of diet on behavior and cognition in children. British Journal of Nutrition, suppl. No. 2: 2004; pp. 227-232. |
| [14] | R. Mathews, Importance of breakfast to cognitive Statement on the Link between Nutrition and Cognitive Development in Children. Medford, MA: Tufts University, School of Nutrition; 1996. unpublished |
| [15] | E. Pollitt, R. Leibel and D. Greenfield, Brief fasting, stress, and cognition in children. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition; No. 34: 1991; pp. 1526-1533. |
| [16] | E. Pollitt, Does breakfast make a difference in school? Child Nutrition Health Campaign; No. 10: 1995; pp. 1134-1135. |
| [17] | L. J. Ells, F. C. Hillier, J. Shucksmith, H. Crawley, L. Harbige, J. Shield, et al., A systematic review of the effect of dietary exposure that could be achieved through normal dietary intake on learning and performance of school-aged children of relevance to UK schools. The British Journal of Nutrition, No. 100: 2008; pp. 927-936. |
| [18] | H. T. Chugani, A critical period of brain development: Studies of cerebral glucose utilization with PET. Preventive Medicine, No. 27: 1998; pp. 184-188. |
| [19] | F. Faul, E. Erdfelder, A. G. Lang and A. Buchner, G*Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behavior Research Meth. 2007. |
| [20] | WHO, The management of Malnutrition in Major Emergencies. Geneva; WHO: 2000; pp. 210-234. |
| [21] | M. King, F. King and S. Martodipoero, Primary child care: a manual for health workers. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press: 1981. |
| [22] | D. Werner, Disabled village children: A guide for community health workers, rehabilitation workers, and families. Palo Alto, California, USA: Hesperian Foundation: 1987. |
| [23] | CSA and ORC Macro, EDHS, 2012. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia and Calverton, Maryland, USA: ESA and ORC Macro: 2012. |
| [24] | R. S. Gibson, Principles of Nutritional Assessment. 2ed. New York: Oxford University Press: 2005. |
| [25] | A. Kaufman and N. Kaufman; Kaufaman assessment battery for children: AGS Publishing. Circle Pines, MN: 2004; PP. 1-224. |
| [26] | N.S., S. Gajre, N. Fernandez, Balkrishna and S. Vazir, Breakfast Eating Habit and its Influence on Attention-concentration, Immediate Memory and School Achievement. Indian Pediatrics, Vol. 45: 2008; pp. 824-828. |
| [27] | C. S.Y. Tereza, A.H Lap, Y.U. Tse, GnatiusTak-sun and G. Sian Children’ Perceptions of Parental Attitude Affecting Breakfast Skipping in Primary Sixth-Grade Students. J. School Health, Vol. 78, Am. School Health Assoc.: 2008; pp. 203- 208. |
| [28] | T. Nicklas, C. O’Neil and L. Myers, The importance of breakfast consumption to nutrition of children, adolescents, and young adults. Nutrition Today No. 39; Vol. 1: 2004; pp.30-39. |
| [29] | M. Murata, Secular trends in growth and changes in eating patterns of Japanese children. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol. 72: 2000; pp. 1379-1383 |
| [30] | S. Basrur, Child nutrition programs in Toronto to the Toronto Board of Health; 1998. |
| [31] | S. Cueto and M. Chinen, Educational impact of a school breakfast programme in rural Peru. Int. J. Educ. Dev., Vol. 28: 2008; pp. 132-148. |
| [32] | M. K. Widenhorn, K. Hille, J. Klenk and U. Weiland, Influence of having Breakfast on Cognitive Performance and Mood in 13- to 20-Year-Old High School Students: Results of a Crossover Trial. Pediatrics, Vol. 122: 2008; pp. 279-284. |
| [33] | M. S. Grantham, M. S. Chang and S.P. Walker, Evaluation of school feeding programs: Some Jamaican examples. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. Vol. 67:1998; 142-184. |
| [34] | E.Pollitt, S. Cueto and E.R. Jacoby, Fasting and cognition in well- and undernourished schoolchildren: a review of three experimental studies, American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 67(suppl): 1998; pp. 779-784. |
| [35] | D.T. Simeon, School feeding in Jamaica: A review of its evaluation. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol. 67: 1998; pp. 790-4. |
| [36] | D. Benton and P.Y. Parker, Breakfast, blood glucose, and cognition, American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol. 67: 1998; pp. 772-778. |
| [37] | K. Alaimo, C. M. Olson and E. A. J. Frongillo, Food insufficiency and American school-aged children’s cognitive, academic and psychosocial development. Pediatrics, No. 108: Vol. 1: 2001; pp. 44-53. |
| [38] | F.G Hasanain, M. Zaleha, S. Isa, A. Aljunid, T. Mohd and A. Mohammed, Nutritional Status, Nutritional Habit and Breakfast Intake in Relation to IQ among Primary School Children in Baghdad City, Iraq. Pak. J. Nutr., No. 11: Vol. 4: 2012; pp. 379-382. |
| [39] | Poonam and S. K. Verma, Determinants of intelligence among children. Indian J. Soc. Res., Vol. 40: 1999; pp, 77-80. |
| [40] | S. Malone, Improving the quality of student’s dietary intake in the school setting. The Journal of School Nursing, No. 21: Vol. 2: 2005; pp. 70-76. |
| [41] | C. Bayerl and J. Stang, Position of the American Dietetic Association: Child and Adolescent food and nutrition programs. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, No. 103: Vol. 7: 2003; pp. 887-893 |
| [42] | J. M. Murphy, Breakfast and learning: An updated review. Current Nutrition & Food Science, No. 3: Vol. 1: 2007; pp. 3-36. |
| [43] | R. J. Kaplan, C. E. Greenwood, G. Winocur and T. M. S. Wolever Dietary protein, carbohydrate and fat enhance memory performance in the healthy elderly. Am J Clin Nut Vol. 74: 2001; 687-693. |
| [44] | C.R. Mahoney H.A. Taylor., R.B., P. S. Kanarek and C. Pippa, Effect of breakfast composition on cognitive performance of upper primary school students in 14 Queensland processes in elementary school children. Physiol.schools. Nutr. Diet, 61: 151-8. Behav. 85: 2004; pp. 635-45. |
| [45] | D. Benton and M. Jarvis, The role of breakfast and a mid-morning snack on the ability of children to concentrate at school. Physiol. Behav. Vol. 90: 2006; 382-385. |
| [46] | A.M. Lopez-Sobaler, R.M. Ortega, M.E. Quintas, B. Naviaand A.M. Requejo, Relationship between habitual breakfast and intellectual performance (logical reasoning) in well-nourished schoolchildren of Madrid (Spain). Eur. J. Clin. Nutr, Vol. 57: 2003; pp. 49-53. |
| [47] | A. Ardila, M. Rosselli, E. Matute and S. Guajardo, The influence of the parents’ educational level on the development of executive functions. Development Neuropsychology, No. 28: Vol. 1: 2005; pp. 539-560. |
| [48] | C. Ruth, R. Jonatan, P. Ruiz, J.P. David, E.D. Ligia, A. Luis, Moreno and B. O. Francisco Associations between parental educational/occupational levels and cognitive performance in Spanish adolescents: The AVENA study: 2011. |
APA Style
Anchamo Anato Adole, Markos Budusa Ware. (2014). Assessment of Breakfast Eating Habits and its Association with Cognitive Performance of Early Adolescents (11-13 Years) in Shebedino District, Sidama Zone, Southern Ethiopia. Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences, 2(4), 130-137. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jfns.20140204.16
ACS Style
Anchamo Anato Adole; Markos Budusa Ware. Assessment of Breakfast Eating Habits and its Association with Cognitive Performance of Early Adolescents (11-13 Years) in Shebedino District, Sidama Zone, Southern Ethiopia. J. Food Nutr. Sci. 2014, 2(4), 130-137. doi: 10.11648/j.jfns.20140204.16
AMA Style
Anchamo Anato Adole, Markos Budusa Ware. Assessment of Breakfast Eating Habits and its Association with Cognitive Performance of Early Adolescents (11-13 Years) in Shebedino District, Sidama Zone, Southern Ethiopia. J Food Nutr Sci. 2014;2(4):130-137. doi: 10.11648/j.jfns.20140204.16
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.jfns.20140204.16,
author = {Anchamo Anato Adole and Markos Budusa Ware},
title = {Assessment of Breakfast Eating Habits and its Association with Cognitive Performance of Early Adolescents (11-13 Years) in Shebedino District, Sidama Zone, Southern Ethiopia},
journal = {Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences},
volume = {2},
number = {4},
pages = {130-137},
doi = {10.11648/j.jfns.20140204.16},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jfns.20140204.16},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jfns.20140204.16},
abstract = {Background: Regular consumption of breakfast is associated with improved cognitive performance and nutrient intake in adolescents. Despite breakfast’s positive attributes, many children go to school without breakfast. The objective of this study was to assess the association between breakfast eating habits and cognitive performance among early adolescents aged 11-13 years old in the study area. Method: A cross sectional study was conducted from June to July 2012. Structured questionnaire was used to capture breakfast eating habits, socio-economic and demographic factors. Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children -II tests was used for cognitive performance measurement. A representative sample size of 211 participants was selected randomly from 4 kebeles. The data was analyzed with SPSS version 16.0 software. Results: Of the 208 interview, 52% were girls while 48% were boys with mean (±SD) age of 12.01±0.82 years. Breakfast skipping prevalence was 42.3%. Regular breakfast eating habits were significantly (P<0.001) associated with Simultaneous scale and Pattern Reasoning. Regular breakfast eating habit and mother education were significantly (P<0.001) associated with Sequential scale explaining 13.7% variation. Regular breakfast eating habits were also significantly associated with Pattern Reasoning explaining 31.6 % variation. Conclusion: Irregular consumption or skipping breakfast and socio-demographic factors have beneficial influence on cognitive performance of adolescents. The important predictors of cognitive performance were breakfast eating habits and maternal education. We recommended that, parents and adolescents should be educated and trained on healthy breakfast eating patterns and good nutrition practices for healthy cognitive development of adolescents.},
year = {2014}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of Breakfast Eating Habits and its Association with Cognitive Performance of Early Adolescents (11-13 Years) in Shebedino District, Sidama Zone, Southern Ethiopia AU - Anchamo Anato Adole AU - Markos Budusa Ware Y1 - 2014/07/10 PY - 2014 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jfns.20140204.16 DO - 10.11648/j.jfns.20140204.16 T2 - Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences JF - Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences JO - Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences SP - 130 EP - 137 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2330-7293 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jfns.20140204.16 AB - Background: Regular consumption of breakfast is associated with improved cognitive performance and nutrient intake in adolescents. Despite breakfast’s positive attributes, many children go to school without breakfast. The objective of this study was to assess the association between breakfast eating habits and cognitive performance among early adolescents aged 11-13 years old in the study area. Method: A cross sectional study was conducted from June to July 2012. Structured questionnaire was used to capture breakfast eating habits, socio-economic and demographic factors. Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children -II tests was used for cognitive performance measurement. A representative sample size of 211 participants was selected randomly from 4 kebeles. The data was analyzed with SPSS version 16.0 software. Results: Of the 208 interview, 52% were girls while 48% were boys with mean (±SD) age of 12.01±0.82 years. Breakfast skipping prevalence was 42.3%. Regular breakfast eating habits were significantly (P<0.001) associated with Simultaneous scale and Pattern Reasoning. Regular breakfast eating habit and mother education were significantly (P<0.001) associated with Sequential scale explaining 13.7% variation. Regular breakfast eating habits were also significantly associated with Pattern Reasoning explaining 31.6 % variation. Conclusion: Irregular consumption or skipping breakfast and socio-demographic factors have beneficial influence on cognitive performance of adolescents. The important predictors of cognitive performance were breakfast eating habits and maternal education. We recommended that, parents and adolescents should be educated and trained on healthy breakfast eating patterns and good nutrition practices for healthy cognitive development of adolescents. VL - 2 IS - 4 ER -
Email: